How to Dry Tomatoes, Peppers, and Herbs

Drying is one of the oldest forms of preservation in the world. Virtually all indigenous tribes used the technique as a way to preserve foods for colder or drier times.

Drying Tomatoes 

With tomatoes, plum types work best, as they have less water. San Marzanos are my favorites and great for sauce. Other choices include ‘La Roma’, the standard for paste and ‘Principe Borghese’, a traditional variety best suited for drying.

As with most preserving, choose firm, unblemished fruit, not overripe fruit. 

Drying in the Sun

This method is easy but not for everyone; you need to have a climate with low humidity (less than 20%) as well as high temperatures in the 90s. If you’re so lucky, proceed …

I wash and dry the tomatoes, then cut them into slices. The thinner the slice the quicker they dry. However, I find that if I cut them too thin, they stick to the tray and become difficult to remove. Quarter-inch slices have worked best for me.

Use clean plastic-mesh screens (available from cookware stores), not metal! Place the cut tomatoes in a single layer, allowing about an inch of space between the pieces for air circulation. You want to set your trays on a table or bench so they get air circulation. Place a layer of cheesecloth on the fruits and set the trays at least a foot above the ground so air circulates freely underneath them. 

This process takes a few days to a couple weeks, depending on the weather; if rain is in the forecast, bring your trays inside. Dried fruit should be evenly dry, flexible, and not sticky. 

Oven Drying Tomatoes

Oven-drying is much faster and not dependent on weather. It takes about 6 to 12 hours to dry fruit. 

Preheat the oven to 140° to 145° F Place the prepared fruits skin side down on a plastic-mesh screen, or on a baking sheet lined with cooking parchment or a silicon baking mat. Prop the oven door open slightly to allow the moist, hot air to escape. Check the tomatoes regularly, and rotate the baking sheet if necessary. Dried fruit should be uniformly dry and pliable but not sticky when cool.

The fruits can also be removed earlier. Although these moister tomatoes must be refrigerated, they have a rich flavor and are ideal for packing in olive oil for up to a week.

Preheat the oven to 150 degrees Fahrenheit. Wash about 5 pounds of tomatoes. Peel the skins, if desired. Remove the stems and blemishes. Cut the tomatoes in half, take out the seeds, and then cut the halves into ½- to ¾-inch slices.

Place the tomato slices on cookie sheets such that they do not touch each other. Sprinkle with seasonings or salt, as desired. Place in the oven and bake for 6 to 24 hours, depending on the variety, size, and moisture content of the tomatoes. Use an oven thermometer to monitor the temperature periodically and make sure that it is correct; adjust as needed. Check the tomatoes every so often and switch sheets from top to bottom racks and back to front. Turn the tomatoes over occasionally.

The tomatoes are done when they turn dark red and are leathery and dry; they should be flexible and not hard or brittle. If they are tacky or moist, keep baking. When ready, remove the sheets from the oven and cool the tomatoes to room temperature. Place in plastic bags, squeeze out the air, and store in the refrigerator for 2 to 4 weeks or in the freezer for 8 to 12 months.

The Easiest Way: Food Dehydrator

 If you are ready to invest in an electric dehydrator, this is the easiest way to dry tomatoes. I find that drying tomatoes needs more power.

I lay them flat on the tray and put the dehydrator on 125 degrees. After a few hours, I lift them up so that they won’t stick and the next day, I turn them over. At the end of a few days, they are nice and dry and ready to use in recipes. I want them to be almost crispy so that I can grind them up and use them in dips.

I also dry paprika in my hydrator. (Note: “Paprika” comes from actual paprika peppers!)

I get the plants from some local nurseries and put them in the ground when the danger of frost has passed. I have heard that they like sulphur so I usually place five or six matches in the ground with their roots. They enjoy a bit of support as well so I have some nice cages that I use to give it to them.

As the peppers mature, I cut them from the plants. I carefully wash and dry them and slice them into ribbons discarding the internal seeds (or feeding these bits to the chickens if you have some). These ribbons go onto the trays and I again dry them at about 125 degrees. It takes a few days and you want them to get completely brittle so you can grind them into powder.

This powder makes excellent gifts and is a great addition to quiches, deviled eggs and other egg dishes.

→ See even more ways to use tomatoes!

Drying Basil

This year, I didi dry my basil in the oven. Mine has a pilot light which is ideal. If yours doesn’t have this option, the lowest setting (with the door slightly ajar) often works well.

It’s relatively thin and can easily be dried by spreading it out on a cookie sheet.

Once dried, I transfer it to glass jars. This basil can then be used in soups, salads, eggs or dips. It does discolor a bit, but it tastes just fine.

You can even give away dried herbs in glass jars for holiday gifts!

Of course, you can also air-dry herbs the same way you dry flowers. Some herbs can be spread out in the sunshine but most require a drafty shade to maintain their color and nutrients.

• Gather stems into small, loose bunches.
• Secure the ends together with a rubber bands or twine. 
• Hang upside down in a warm, dry, dark, well-ventilated place that’s out of direct sunlight.
• Cover them with a paper bag to keep the dust off.
• Herbs with smaller leaves, such as thyme, can be laid out on newspaper or on a rack to dry.
• For best results herbs should be fully dried within two to three days.

If humidity makes air-drying impossible, dry them in the oven or use a food dehydrator.

Other Notes on Drying Vegetables

Never use a microwave oven to dry tomatoes and vegetables; it can’t provide the essential continuous, moderate heat and air circulation.

Store dried vegetables in an airtight containers or airtight bags, squeezing out all excess air. Store in a dry, cool location for up to six months. 

Do you dry your herbs, vegetables, or fruit? Please share any comments or questions below!