Planting, Growing, and Caring for Petunias
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Pretty petunias are popular because of their exceptionally long flowering period. As with most annuals, they get leggy by midsummer, so you’ll want to prune the shoots back by half. See more tips on planting and caring for petunias to keep them blooming.
About Petunias
Petunias are treated as annuals in most areas but can be grown as tender perennials in Zones 9 to 11. The flowers come in many colors and patterns and bloom from spring until frost!
These colorful annuals can really add pop to a front lawn and are often used in borders, containers, hanging baskets, or even as seasonal ground covers. Some even have a slight fragrance. Their height can vary from 6 inches to 18 inches, and they can spread along the ground anywhere from 18 inches to 4 feet.
Types of Petunias
Petunias are divided into different groups, mainly based on flower size:
- Multiflora petunias are the most durable and prolific. They have smaller but more abundant flowers and are ideal for summer bedding or in a mixed border (because they are more tolerant to wet weather).
- Grandiflora petunias have very large flowers and are best grown in containers or hanging baskets (because they are more susceptible to rain damage). These large petunias often do not fare as well in the south because they’re prone to rot during humid, hot summers.
- Floribundas: Floribundas are intermediate between the grandiflora and multiflora groups. Like the multiflora varieties, they are free-flowering and produce medium-sized blooms.
- Millifloras: Milliflora petunias are much smaller than any other petunias on the market. The flowers are only 1 to 1½ inches wide, but they are prolific and last all season!
- Spreading or Trailing Petunias: These are low-growing and can spread as much as 3 to 4 feet. Because the flowers form along the entire length of each stem, they form a beautiful, colorful ground cover. They can be used in window boxes or hanging baskets.
Planting
Petunias need full sun, or they will become spindly. They don’t tend to flower well in shade.
The soil should drain well and not stay overly wet, especially in containers. It should also be moderately fertile to promote the best growth. Amend poor soil with finished compost prior to planting.
When to Plant Petunias
- It’s easiest to buy young plants from a nursery that sells petunias in flats. Look for plants that are short and compact. Leggy petunias with tons of flowers already won’t settle in as fast.
- If you want to grow petunias from seed, start the seeds indoors 8 to 10 weeks before your last spring frost date. (See your local frost dates.)
- Plant young petunias outdoors after your last spring frost date, but keep a close eye on the weather forecast and protect young plants from late frosts.
How to Plant Petunias
- Petunia seeds are very small (dust-like!) and need lots of light in order to germinate.
- When the young plants have three leaves, plant them outside.
- Space the plants about 1 foot apart.
- If you’re planting petunias in containers, use a container potting mix that will drain well.
Types
Multifloras
- ‘Carpet Series’ is very popular. They are compact, early blooming with 1½- to 2-inch blooms that come in a wide variety of colors, and are ideal for ground cover.
- ‘Primetime’ series stay compact and uniform, covered with 2¼-inch flowers.
- ‘Heavenly Lavender’ is an early, compact, double, deep lavender blue with 3-inch blooms on 12- to 14-inch plants.
Grandifloras
- ‘Sugar Daddy’ (Petunia Daddy Series), which sports purple flowers with dark veins.
- ‘Rose Star’ (Petunia Ultra Series), whose flowers look striped because of its rose-pink flowers with a white center.
Floribundas
- ‘Celebrity’ series petunias are compact and rain-tolerant. The flowers reach 2½ to 3 inches across.
- ‘Madness’ series petunias have big, 3-inch flowers in many veined and solid colors. They are compact and bloom until frost. They bounce back well after rain.
- ‘Double Madness’ petunias are compact and floriferous with big, 3-inch flowers all through the summer. Like their single counterparts, ‘Double Madness’ petunias bounce back within hours of a rainstorm.
Millifloras
- ‘Fantasy’ forms neat, compact mounds.
Trailing Petunias
- ‘Purple Wave’ was the first cultivar in the class of spreading petunias. It produces large blooms of deep rose-purple. It is tolerant of summer heat, drought, and rain damage. ‘Purple Wave’ remains under 4 inches tall.
- ‘Wave’ series petunias are available in a multitude of colors. Most are not quite as ground-hugging as the original. They are weather tolerant, disease resistant, and heavy-blooming.
Catherine Boeckmann
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I bought two hanging baskets of well established petunias. I noticed the purple ones have runners which you said should be trimmed back. Can these runners be repotted by either sticking them in water or soil?
Hi John, Petunias don't have runners but the perennial trailing varieties can be propagated from cuttings taken in spring from overwinter plants or in August/September. Take a healthy stem (or more) that's not yet flowering and cut about 4 inches off just below a leaf joint, or node. Strip the lower 2/3 of stem of its leaves, insert the cutting into a pot filled with gritty compost to the base of the lowest leaves. Place the pots in a plastic bag in good light. It will take about 2 to 3 weeks to root. Then you can pot each one up individually to grow on.
Relatively new to Southern Colorado from the West coast. Petunias have been prolific growers here, and the deer leave them alone! Not my hollyhocks! Destroyed them! Solor electric fence next year! I just replanted more seed. I'll Add about 6 inches of pine needles before snow. It's challenging!
Love your articles. I'm a new gardener and want to learn all I can. Since they are tearing down a lot of nature to build houses. So I'm trying to build a bird, hummingbird, butterfly and bee habitat. Thank you so much for articles.
I LOVE THE ARTICLES ABOUT GARDENING, FLOWERS, ETS.
I HAVE PETUNIAS IN CONTAINERS AND HANGING BASKETS AND AM WORRIED BECAUSE OF THE CONSTANT RAIN FOR SEVERAL DAYS AND STILL FUTURE RAIN. SHOULD I BRING THE CONTAINERS ON MY PORCH? PROBLEM IS IF I DO THIS THEY WILL NOT GET MUCH SUN WHEN THERE IS SUN WHICH HAS BEEN VERY LITTLE IN THE LAST 2 WEEKS AND CONTINUING. WHAT CAN I DO?
I’m in my 70 and never had seaside petunias before. So thanks for the advice on how to grow and water them in a pot.
We are so happy to hear that our Petunia Growing Guide was useful! Hopefully, you have gorgeous petunias this summer.
Earlier this season I found a beautiful Black Petunia and it was just gorgeous! It bloomed and did well for a few weeks and then it just drooped and seems to be dying. I would love to know if there is some way I could revive it.
Your black petunia sounds like it had a great start to the season. Drooping and/or wilting can happen for a variety of reasons, most often with either too much or too little water.
Petunias are rather drought and heat tolerant, and do best with a thorough watering once a week. The key is for good drainage because excessive water in the soil can cause the roots to be affected. They prefer slightly moist soil to dry soil, so check your soil to see where things stand before adding more moisture.
If your plant does not perk up when watered, stop watering it and allow the soil to dry thoroughly. Petunias also benefit from a dose of balanced fertilizer monthly.
Drooping can also be due to a lack of sun, as they prefer full sun, or a sign of insect or fungal issue.
I was so relieved to come across Alicia's comment regarding withering petunias. She has described exactly what has happened with my petunias this year!! Exactly!! I have not been able to determine the cause of this problem either. Could there have something in the potting soil used at the greenhouse? I would really like to know the cause so as not to duplicate the problem next year. Nearby flowers don't seem to be negatively affected.
