Get Almanac's Daily Updates Extended Forecasts Where to Buy Contact Us

How to Grow Petunias: The Complete Petunia Flower Guide

Photo Credit
Pilat66/Getty Images
Botanical Name
Petunia spp.
Plant Type
Flowers
Sun Exposure
Full Sun
Soil pH
Slightly Acidic to Neutral
Bloom Time
Spring
Summer
Fall
Flower Color
Blue
Multicolor
Orange
Pink
Purple
Red
White
Yellow
Hardiness Zone
9
10
11

Planting, Growing, and Caring for Petunias

Written By: Catherine Boeckmann Executive Digital Editor and Master Gardener

Pretty petunias are popular because of their exceptionally long flowering period. As with most annuals, they get leggy by midsummer, so you’ll want to prune the shoots back by half. See more tips on planting and caring for petunias to keep them blooming.

About Petunias

Petunias are treated as annuals in most areas but can be grown as tender perennials in Zones 9 to 11. The flowers come in many colors and patterns and bloom from spring until frost!

These colorful annuals can really add pop to a front lawn and are often used in borders, containers, hanging baskets, or even as seasonal ground covers. Some even have a slight fragrance. Their height can vary from 6 inches to 18 inches, and they can spread along the ground anywhere from 18 inches to 4 feet.

Types of Petunias

Petunias are divided into different groups, mainly based on flower size:

  1. Multiflora petunias are the most durable and prolific. They have smaller but more abundant flowers and are ideal for summer bedding or in a mixed border (because they are more tolerant to wet weather).
  2. Grandiflora petunias have very large flowers and are best grown in containers or hanging baskets (because they are more susceptible to rain damage). These large petunias often do not fare as well in the south because they’re prone to rot during humid, hot summers.
  3. Floribundas: Floribundas are intermediate between the grandiflora and multiflora groups. Like the multiflora varieties, they are free-flowering and produce medium-sized blooms.
  4. Millifloras: Milliflora petunias are much smaller than any other petunias on the market. The flowers are only 1 to 1½ inches wide, but they are prolific and last all season!
  5. Spreading or Trailing Petunias: These are low-growing and can spread as much as 3 to 4 feet. Because the flowers form along the entire length of each stem, they form a beautiful, colorful ground cover. They can be used in window boxes or hanging baskets.

pink and white petunias

Read Next

Planting

Petunias need full sun, or they will become spindly. They don’t tend to flower well in shade.

The soil should drain well and not stay overly wet, especially in containers. It should also be moderately fertile to promote the best growth. Amend poor soil with finished compost prior to planting.

When to Plant Petunias

  • It’s easiest to buy young plants from a nursery that sells petunias in flats. Look for plants that are short and compact. Leggy petunias with tons of flowers already won’t settle in as fast.
  • If you want to grow petunias from seed, start the seeds indoors 8 to 10 weeks before your last spring frost date. (See your local frost dates.)
  • Plant young petunias outdoors after your last spring frost date, but keep a close eye on the weather forecast and protect young plants from late frosts. 

How to Plant Petunias

  • Petunia seeds are very small (dust-like!) and need lots of light in order to germinate.
  • When the young plants have three leaves, plant them outside.
  • Space the plants about 1 foot apart.
  • If you’re planting petunias in containers, use a container potting mix that will drain well.

Hanging basket of petunia flowers

Growing

  • Petunias are fairly heat-tolerant, so you shouldn’t have to worry about watering them frequently. A thorough watering once a week should be sufficient (unless there are prolonged periods of drought in your area). Avoid watering shallowly, as this encourages shallow roots.
    • Note: The spreading types of petunias and those in containers will require more frequent watering than those planted in the ground.
  • Fertilize petunias monthly with a balanced fertilizer to support their rapid growth and heavy blooming. Double-flowered cultivars enjoy a biweekly dose of fertilizer.

What to Do With Leggy Petunias

  • By midsummer, most petunias tend to get leggy, producing blossoms at the tips of long, leafless stems. To keep petunias tidy and flowering, we prune the shoots back to about half their length. This will encourage more branching and more flowers.
  • After pruning, fertilize and water the plants well to force out new growth and flowers. The plants may look raggedy at first, but they’ll rebound with more color and blooms.
    • Older garden petunia plants can be pruned hard (within a few inches of the base) to re-encourage vigor, especially in cooler climates, but keep the remaining leaves.
  • Remove faded, old, or dead blossoms (a practice called “deadheading”) to both improve blooms and attractiveness, especially for the larger-flowered petunias. Deadheading prevents seed pods from competing with blooms for the plant’s food supplies. Clippings can be added to a compost pile to be recycled.

Types

Multifloras

  • ‘Carpet Series’ is very popular. They are compact, early blooming with 1½- to 2-inch blooms that come in a wide variety of colors, and are ideal for ground cover.
  • ‘Primetime’ series stay compact and uniform, covered with 2¼-inch flowers.
  • ‘Heavenly Lavender’ is an early, compact, double, deep lavender blue with 3-inch blooms on 12- to 14-inch plants.

Grandifloras

  • ‘Sugar Daddy’ (Petunia Daddy Series), which sports purple flowers with dark veins.
  • ‘Rose Star’ (Petunia Ultra Series), whose flowers look striped because of its rose-pink flowers with a white center.

Floribundas

  • ‘Celebrity’ series petunias are compact and rain-tolerant. The flowers reach 2½ to 3 inches across.
  • ‘Madness’ series petunias have big, 3-inch flowers in many veined and solid colors. They are compact and bloom until frost. They bounce back well after rain.
  • ‘Double Madness’ petunias are compact and floriferous with big, 3-inch flowers all through the summer. Like their single counterparts, ‘Double Madness’ petunias bounce back within hours of a rainstorm.

Millifloras

  • ‘Fantasy’ forms neat, compact mounds.

Trailing Petunias

  • ‘Purple Wave’ was the first cultivar in the class of spreading petunias. It produces large blooms of deep rose-purple. It is tolerant of summer heat, drought, and rain damage. ‘Purple Wave’ remains under 4 inches tall.
  • ‘Wave’ series petunias are available in a multitude of colors. Most are not quite as ground-hugging as the original. They are weather tolerant, disease resistant, and heavy-blooming.

Gardening Products

Pests/Diseases

Petunias have few serious insect or disease pests, though aphids and slugs can be an issue. Avoid wetting the foliage and flowers when watering to help prevent disease.

Petunia Pests and Diseases
Pest/DiseaseTypeSymptomsControl/Prevention
AphidsInsectMisshapen/yellow leaves; distorted flowers; leaf drop; sticky “honeydew” (excretion) on leaves; sooty, black moldKnock off with water spray; apply insecticidal soap; inspect new plants carefully; use slow-release fertilizers; avoid excess nitrogen; encourage aphid predators such as lacewings, lady beetles/bugs, spiders
Slugs/snailsMolluskIrregular holes in leaves/flowers; slimy secretion on plants/soil; seedlings “disappear”Handpick; avoid thick bark mulch; use copper plant collars; avoid overhead watering; lay boards on soil in evening, in morning lift and dispose of pests in hot, soapy water; drown in deep container of 1/2 inch of beer or of sugar water and yeast sunk to ground level; apply 1-inch-wide strip of diatomaceous earth around plants

Flowers
About The Author
Catherine Boeckmann

Catherine Boeckmann

Executive Digital Editor and Master Gardener

Catherine Boeckmann is the Executive Digital Editor of Almanac.com, the website companion of The Old Farmer's Almanac. She covers gardening, plants, pest control, soil composition, seasonal and moon c...
Read More from Catherine Boeckmann

More Like This

Comments

<span>Georgis</span> Thu, 10/09/2025 - 07:13
Is it possible to overwinter a petunia indoors? I bought a black petunia in late summer. Whenever I set it outside on our deck in the sun, it wilted in a couple of hours, so I gave up and kept it as an indoor plant in the kitchen. Didn't get a lot of rebloom, probably not quite sunny enough. Now I'm wondering if I can keep it alive over the winter and reinvigorate it in the spring. Thoughts?
<span>Cyndi Adams</span> Mon, 06/16/2025 - 03:55
I have a petunia that was doing really well and all at once I had this white flake on it. Nothing moved when I shook it, nothing crawled when I grabbed a leaf. I spray a strong dose of dawn and water on it for 3 days and it kept coming back. I butchered it and the plant is super happy but I still see the white flakes! No leaf eating but WTH?
<span>Cyndi Adams</span> Mon, 06/16/2025 - 03:45
I have a petunia that was doing really well and all at once I had this white flake on it. Nothing moved when I shook it, nothing crawled when I grabbed a leaf. I spray a strong dose of dawn and water on it for 3 days and it kept coming back. I butchered it and the plant is super happy but I still see the white flakes! No leaf eating but WTH?
<span>Jim</span> Sun, 05/11/2025 - 17:39
I bought two hanging baskets of well established petunias. I noticed the purple ones have runners which you said should be trimmed back. Can these runners be repotted by either sticking them in water or soil?
<span>John Price</span> Mon, 05/12/2025 - 12:52
Hi John, Petunias don't have runners but the perennial trailing varieties can be propagated from cuttings taken in spring from overwinter plants or in August/September. Take a healthy stem (or more) that's not yet flowering and cut about 4 inches off just below a leaf joint, or node. Strip the lower 2/3 of stem of its leaves, insert the cutting into a pot filled with gritty compost to the base of the lowest leaves. Place the pots in a plastic bag in good light. It will take about 2 to 3 weeks to root. Then you can pot each one up individually to grow on.
<span>Sharon</span> Thu, 09/05/2024 - 20:20
Relatively new to Southern Colorado from the West coast. Petunias have been prolific growers here, and the deer leave them alone! Not my hollyhocks! Destroyed them! Solor electric fence next year! I just replanted more seed. I'll Add about 6 inches of pine needles before snow. It's challenging!
<span>Margaret Wong</span> Wed, 05/15/2024 - 21:41
Love your articles. I'm a new gardener and want to learn all I can. Since they are tearing down a lot of nature to build houses. So I'm trying to build a bird, hummingbird, butterfly and bee habitat. Thank you so much for articles.
<span>Carmen</span> Wed, 05/15/2024 - 09:49
I LOVE THE ARTICLES ABOUT GARDENING, FLOWERS, ETS. I HAVE PETUNIAS IN CONTAINERS AND HANGING BASKETS AND AM WORRIED BECAUSE OF THE CONSTANT RAIN FOR SEVERAL DAYS AND STILL FUTURE RAIN. SHOULD I BRING THE CONTAINERS ON MY PORCH? PROBLEM IS IF I DO THIS THEY WILL NOT GET MUCH SUN WHEN THERE IS SUN WHICH HAS BEEN VERY LITTLE IN THE LAST 2 WEEKS AND CONTINUING. WHAT CAN I DO?
<span>Evelyn Merrill</span> Thu, 06/15/2023 - 11:45
I’m in my 70 and never had seaside petunias before. So thanks for the advice on how to grow and water them in a pot.
<a title="View user profile." href="/author/jennifer-keating">Jennifer Keating</a> Fri, 06/16/2023 - 09:56

We are so happy to hear that our Petunia Growing Guide was useful! Hopefully, you have gorgeous petunias this summer.